The delocalization process has been utilized by the Transnational Corporations (TNCs) in their quest for higher profit margins. The TNCs move the production line from a developed country that has higher operational costs to a developing country that allows the corporation to reduce the costs.
Delocalization has its fans or its enemies, depending on the side you’re asking: the country that receives the new investment, or the country that had lost that investment.
The advantages of this process for the receiving country are easy to guess: new jobs, more revenues for the state or the region, a higher level of competition which stimulates the local economic agents to improve the quality of their products or services and so on. However, nowadays most of the world's highly polluting industries are found in developing and underdeveloped countries.
The disadvantages for developed countries are related to an increased unemployment rate, a lower volume of revenue for that country or region, basically a lower level of living standard.
